Step 1:
Introduction of a Bill

An idea for a bill may come from anybody, however only members of Congress or state Legislatures can introduce a bill. In Texas, members can introduce a bill starting 60 days before the Legislature meets. In Congress, bills can be introduced at any time the House of Representatives is in session.

Step 2:
Propose a Bill

A Representative or Senator who introduces a bill becomes that bill’s sponsor. A bill may also have cosponsors. A bill’s type, private or public, must also be determined. A private bill affects a specific person or organization rather than the population at large. A public bill is one that affects the general public.

Step 3:
Committee Action

After a bill is introduced, it is sent to committee. A bill sent to a Committee or Subcommittee allows Members to study the bill and hold hearings.

Step 4:
Report or Subcommittee

A bill can be sent back to a Committee or Subcommittee numerous times for debate. Once a final bill is agreed on, the bill is sent to all the Members.

Step 5:
Members Consider the Bill

Step 6:
Vote on Bill

Step 7:
Refer to 2nd Chamber

A bill must be debated and passed by both the House and Senate before the President or Governor signs the bill into law or vetoes the bill.

Step 8:
Final Action

Step 9:
Law is signed into law or vetoed.

Read our Fact Sheets and learn more about these issues.